 Yellow Pond-lily  Nuphar
luteaaka Spatterdock, Wokas, Cowlily, Bullhead lily, Brandy bottle This picture was taken in April before flowering in the Klamath Wildlife Reserve |
 Water lillies in the canal overflow next to the Klamath Wildlife Refuge along Highway 97. This was in August and all the water was long gone. |
 This and the next three pictures were taken in late July. It was fun wandering around in the dried canal bed, tippy-toeing along deer paths. |
 The leaves are huge - about the size of a lid from a 5 gallon bucket - and the plants are about 3 feet high. |
 Amerindian traditional uses |
 The leaves are pinnate, probably awful for papermaking. The stems were quite "mushy" but there was a very thin bast that might be fibrous enough for paper. |
 This and the next two pictures were taken midSeptember. |
 The stalks were easy to harvest by simply pinching the stem to puncture it with my thumb and then giving a quick tug with a twist. |
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 Scotch Thistle Onopordum acanthium L. |
 I found this lovely specimen in my leach field. |
 Our land is on a 3% grade with arid, alkaline soil. |
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 I especially love just the fluff for paper, but all of it from top to root is usable. |
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 This is the same bush the following Spring. |
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 I made paper using the entire head and while lovely, it still was able to stick me! Next time I'll beat in The Cherub. |
= Poisonous to animal and/or
human
= Crop weed in Oregon
= Federal Noxious weed in
Oregon